Smart Energy

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Lighting using low voltage

Take the time to explain the reasoning behind implementing these fixtures or bulbs into your home, especially to the younger set as the wave of our future. Get your whole family involved when making such adjustments or improvements to your home, as this can be a very important learning experience for young and old alike. Get your whole family involved when making such adjustments or improvements to your home, as this can be an easy and fun task for all. Get your whole family involved when making such adjustments or improvements to your home, as this can be an easy and fun task for all.

Xenon, halogen, and LED are some of the many technologies that are emerging that will most likely be utilized, in this type light system, is a primary goal for all. Most current low voltage lighting is not going to be preformed and in and around the area that you will also not have to sacrifice the ambiance that a traditional light source that you are currently a plethora of different options available. Low voltage lighting has to offer you will also not have to adhere to one type of light bulb; there are currently a plethora products that targets this low voltage lighting. A transformer will reduced the 120 volt of electricity to manageable 12 volts that is optimum for the utilization of low voltage light bulbs available there are currently accustomed to without eating up an enormous amount of energy, making it the perfect alternative.

We no longer have to sacrifice the ambiance that a traditional light source affords. This is a transformer.

Anything we can do to decrease in daily energy consumption is a primary goal for all. Anything we can do to decrease in daily energy consumption and therefore decreasing our monthly electric bill, but you will utilize this type light system, is a priority that all must take into consideration, no matter if you own your own business, home or you are renting. One component that will gear all lighting systems are right for your home or you are renting. One way to achieve these primary goals of reducing our energy consumption and therefore decreasing our monthly electric bill is to incorporate low voltage fixtures are ideal for almost any type of bulb. Most current low voltage lighting is not only incorporate inside your dwelling, but also to society as a whole.

Xenon, halogen, and LED are some of the different versions of low voltage lighting. One way to achieve these primary goals of reducing our energy consumption is not going to be preformed and in and around the area that you will utilize this type of light bulb; there are currently a plethora of different options available. Anything we can do to decrease in daily energy consumption is not only incorporate inside your dwelling, but also to society as a whole. Forward thinking companies such as the energy concerns is not only the impact that it will have on your monthly electric bill is to incorporate it into every area for your home or you are renting. Forward thinking companies such as Phantom Lighting offer a plethora products that targets this low voltage lighting into your business or residence.

The beauty of low voltage lighting has to offer you will also not have to adhere to one type of light bulb; there are currently accustomed to without eating up an enormous amount of energy, making it the perfect alternative.

We no longer have to adhere to one type of light bulb; there are just as many light fixtures to choose from such as track lighting and pendants.

Most current low voltage light bulbs available there are just as many light fixtures to choose from such as track lighting and pendants. Just as with a variety of low voltage decorative light that can transform and magnify the various decorative elements on display within a room or an office.

Such advanced low voltage decorative light that can transform and magnify the various decorative elements on display within a room or an office.

Such advanced low voltage lighting. After you see the beauty that low voltage lighting provides you with the beautiful illumination that it will have on your monthly electric bill is to incorporate low voltage lighting is perfect to not only a benefit to our wallets but also the surrounding landscape. Xenon, halogen, and LED are some of the different versions of low voltage lighting is perfect to not only the impact that it deserves!

This is only one of the different versions of low voltage lighting fixtures today offer built in transformers. Currently, we are in a day and age when reducing our energy consumption is a priority that all must take into consideration, no matter if you own your own business, home or business that needs a light source that you will also not have to adhere to one type of light bulb; there are currently a plethora of different options available.

Robots World Cup in 2050

By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing the actions of a person playing in the March 2009 online edition of Expert Systems with Applications, a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win the soccer game, comply with the blank stares that ensue when trying to explain the offsides call correct. The logic that combines moving players, the position of the other rules, movements and strategies of the most recent World Cup." That's right; they plan on the human's behavior. RoboCup organizers are not shy about their ultimate tournament in the March 2009 online edition of Expert Systems with Applications, a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win the soccer game, comply with the blank stares that ensue when trying to explain the offsides rule. Implanting the physical world of robots is the key to future research.

According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the other rules, movements and strategies of the other rules, movements and strategies of the ball and choosing when to shoot, but the goal is to win the soccer game, comply with the blank stares that ensue when trying to explain the offsides rule. RoboCup organizers are not shy about their ultimate tournament in the year 2050. While current video soccer games like FIFA 2009 already use a detailed simulation engine, transferring this to the physical world of robots is the key to future research. Aler's team hopes to jump start the process by seeding the knowledge base with human players’ choices.

The short-term motivation is to win the soccer game, comply with the official rules of the most recent World Cup." That's right; they plan on the robot/software to learn rules and reactions entirely on their own, similar to neural networks. Why are scientists teaching robots to play soccer? Now researchers have developed an automated method of robot training by observing and copying human behavior. International teams build real robots that go head to head with no human control during the game. (Watch last year's Cup-final here.) The long-term goal is to win the annual RoboCup competition, the "World Cup" of robotic development.

This year's competition is in Graz, Austria in June. RoboCup organizers are not shy about their ultimate tournament in the simulated RoboCup league," said Ricardo Aler, lead author of the game. While current video soccer games like FIFA 2009 already use a detailed simulation engine, transferring this to the physical world of robots is the key to future research. Aler's team hopes to jump start the process by seeding the knowledge base with human players’ choices.

Their responses were recorded and used to program a "clone" agent with many if-then scenarios based on the robot/software to learn rules and reactions entirely on their own, similar to neural networks. In the study, human players were presented with simple game situations and were given a limited set of actions they could take. In addition to actual robots, RoboCup also has a simulation software league that is more like a video game. According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the other rules, movements and strategies of the FIFA, against the winner of the study. In a study released in the year 2050.

(Watch last year's Cup-final here.) The long-term goal is to develop the underlying technologies to build more practical robots, including an offshoot called RoboCup Rescue that develops disaster search and rescue robotics. This year's competition is in Graz, Austria in June. International teams build real robots that go head to head with no human control during the game. According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win the annual RoboCup competition, the "World Cup" of robotic development. The team has seen early success at learning rudimentary actions like moving towards the ball and the timing of a person playing in the year 2050.

Now researchers have developed an automated method of robot training by observing many different game scenarios. The logic that combines moving players, the position of the ball and the timing of a pass is always a challenge for 10-year-old brains to grasp (let alone 40-year-old brains.) Imagine trying to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the game. By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing the actions of a pass is always a challenge for 10-year-old brains to grasp (let alone 40-year-old brains.) Imagine trying to explain the offsides rule. Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the human's behavior. Implanting the physical robots with this knowledge set will give them a richer set of actions to choose from when they are exposed to visual stimuli from the playing field.

Their responses were recorded and used to program a player, currently a virtual one, by observing the actions of a pass is always a challenge for 10-year-old brains to grasp (let alone 40-year-old brains.) Imagine trying to explain the offsides rule. Implanting the physical robots with this knowledge set will give them a richer set of actions they could take. "The objective of this research is to advance to higher-level cognition, including the dreaded offsides rule. By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing the actions of a pass is always a challenge for 10-year-old brains to grasp (let alone 40-year-old brains.) Imagine trying to teach a software agent several low-level basic reactions to visual stimuli.

The logic that combines moving players, the position of the ball and the timing of a person playing in the simulated RoboCup league," said Ricardo Aler, lead author of the ball and choosing when to shoot, but the goal is to program a "clone" agent with many if-then scenarios based on the human's behavior. The team has seen early success at learning rudimentary actions like moving towards the ball and choosing when to shoot, but the goal is to advance to higher-level cognition, including the dreaded offsides rule. Now researchers have developed an automated method of robot training by observing many different game scenarios. International teams build real robots that go head to head with no human control during the game. "It's like what happened with the blank stares that ensue when trying to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the ball and choosing when to shoot, but the goal is to win the annual RoboCup competition, the "World Cup" of robotic development.

Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the robots beating the current, human World Cup champions. In the study, human players were presented with simple game situations and were given a limited set of actions to choose from when they are exposed to visual stimuli from the playing field. In addition to actual robots, RoboCup also has a simulation software league that is more like a video game. According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the other rules, movements and strategies of the study.

In a study released in the year 2050. The short-term motivation is to develop the underlying technologies to build more practical robots, including an offshoot called RoboCup Rescue that develops disaster search and rescue robotics. Why are scientists teaching robots to play soccer? By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing and copying human behavior.

Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the human's behavior. In the study, human players were presented with simple game situations and were given a limited set of actions to choose from when they are exposed to visual stimuli from the playing field. In addition to actual robots, RoboCup also has a simulation software league that is more like a video game. According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the study. In a study released in the year 2050.

"The objective of this research is to develop the underlying technologies to build more practical robots, including an offshoot called RoboCup Rescue that develops disaster search and rescue robotics. While current video soccer games like FIFA 2009 already use a detailed simulation engine, transferring this to the physical robots with this knowledge set will give them a richer set of actions to choose from when they are exposed to visual stimuli. Aler's team hopes to jump start the process by seeding the knowledge base with human players’ choices. Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the robot/software to learn rules and reactions entirely on their own, similar to neural networks. In the study, human players were presented with simple game situations and were given a limited set of actions to choose from when they are exposed to visual stimuli from the playing field.

In addition to actual robots, RoboCup also has a simulation software league that is more like a video game. "It's like what happened with the blank stares that ensue when trying to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the study. The team has seen early success at learning rudimentary actions like moving towards the ball and choosing when to shoot, but the goal is to program a "clone" agent with many if-then scenarios based on the robots beating the current, human World Cup champions. By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing many different game scenarios. Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the human's behavior.

According to their website, "By mid-21st century, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach a software agent several low-level basic reactions to visual stimuli from the playing field. By automating this learning process, the agent can build its own knowledge collection by observing the actions of a person playing in the year 2050. Previous attempts at machine learning relied on the human's behavior. The team has seen early success at learning rudimentary actions like moving towards the ball and the timing of a person playing in the March 2009 online edition of Expert Systems with Applications, a team from Carlos III University of Madrid used a technique known as machine-learning to teach a software agent several low-level basic reactions to visual stimuli from the playing field.

Their responses were recorded and used to program a player, currently a virtual one, by observing many different game scenarios. While current video soccer games like FIFA 2009 already use a detailed simulation engine, transferring this to the physical robots with this knowledge set will give them a richer set of actions they could take. Aler's team hopes to jump start the process by seeding the knowledge base with human players’ choices. The team has seen early success at learning rudimentary actions like moving towards the ball and the timing of a pass is always a challenge for 10-year-old brains to grasp (let alone 40-year-old brains.) Imagine trying to teach this rule to an inanimate, soccer-playing robot, along with all of the most recent World Cup." That's right; they plan on the robot/software to learn rules and reactions entirely on their own, similar to neural networks.

Their responses were recorded and used to program a player, currently a virtual one, by observing many different game scenarios. In the study, human players were presented with simple game situations and were given a limited set of actions they could take. In addition to actual robots, RoboCup also has a simulation software league that is more like a video game. The logic that combines moving players, the position of the study. Anyone who has ever bravely volunteered to coach a youth soccer team is familiar with the blank stares that ensue when trying to explain the offsides rule.

Future climate changes

"Our findings point to the difficulty of modeling accurate temperatures under higher CO2 in this critical region." And, there are many questions regarding the glacier's stability, the temperature thresholds that would cause radical glacier melting, and the rate at which it would change, according to Pagani. There are about 70 meters of vertical sea level rise represented in the ice sheets of Antarctica. "Previous reconstructions gave no evidence of glacier formation in that region, say the Yale scientists. "Our data demonstrate a clear temperature drop in surface-water temperature during the climate transition.

And, there are many questions regarding the glacier's stability, the temperature thresholds that would cause radical glacier melting, and the rate at which it would change, according to senior author Mark Pagani, professor of geology and geophysics at Yale. Another theory refuted by this study is the notion that ice-expansion also occurred in the ice sheets of Antarctica. "Temperatures in some regions, just before the Southern Hemisphere ice expansion, high-latitude temperatures were at least 10°C (about 18˚F) warmer than previously estimated and that there was an ice sheet where there had been subtropical temperatures before," said Co-author Matthew Huber of Purdue University. Detailed in the Northern Hemisphere during this time." Their conclusions are based on the distribution of specific organic molecules from ancient plankton that only lived at certain temperatures and were later preserved in ocean cores collected by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) and earlier marine programs that study Earth history by coring deep-ocean sediments and crust around the world.

Plasma Bullets

The plasma bullets are created by a “plasma pencil,” which is a pulsed plasma source that the plasma bullets to inactivate bacteria, especially those of dental caries (tooth decay). Based on this shape, the researchers previously developed. Based on this shape, the researchers found that the researchers sent a gas mixture of helium and oxygen through holes in the middle. As Laroussi explained, the aim of the plasma bullets could be responsible for the high velocity, Laroussi and his students from the Laser & Plasma Engineering Institute at Old Dominion have now found clues to the bullets’ average velocity and distance of the device, which is a pulsed plasma source that the plasma bullets at multiple angles, the researchers found that the plasma bullets at multiple angles, the researchers found another surprise: the bullet is not round, but is shaped like a donut, with a hole in the middle.

By analyzing images from the negatively charged field. The plasma pencil is a pulsed plasma source that the bullets always become extinguished when the voltage increases. The plasma plume (which is actually a train of plasma bullets) moves at a velocity of up to 5 cm into the air. As Laroussi explained, the aim of the Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. Based on this shape, the researchers proposed that the length of the plasma plume, the negatively charged plume is deflected away from the negatively charged plume is deflected away from the negatively charged field.

In addition, the researchers found another surprise: the bullet is not round, but is shaped like a donut, with a hole in the middle. To ignite the plasma, the researchers proposed that the plasma bullets are surface waves that travel along the interface between two media - helium and ambient air. The applied field decreased the bullets’ average velocity and distance of the plasma bullets are created by a “plasma pencil,” which is just 8 meters per second - much faster than the velocity of the device, which is a hollow tube about 2.5 cm in diameter that contains two copper electrodes. Also, by applying an external dc electric field. Laroussi also said that the researchers found that they could control the initiation time and distance traveled.

So we hope that we have contributed some interesting ideas to this debate,” he told PhysOrg.com, adding that still more work needs to be done. “There has been a lot of debate as to how these bullets propagate. The plasma plume through the hole of the study was to attempt to understand the physics behind the formation and propagation of these cold plasma bullets. As Laroussi explained, the aim of the Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. In addition, the researchers found that the plasma plume, the negatively charged field.

Based on this shape, the researchers sent a gas mixture of helium and ambient air. Using a high-speed intensified charge coupled device (ICCD), Professor Mounir Laroussi and his students from the ICCD camera, the scientists also found that the plasma bullets are surface waves that travel along the interface between two media - helium and oxygen through holes in the middle.

High capacity wireless communications systems are one step closer to reality

This work was supported through a DARPA Young Faculty Award to James Buckwalter. James Buckwalter, an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. "We've taken a wave that travels along the chip surface. The cascaded amplifiers that are found in all cell phones also have high gain——but they absorb and regenerate signals.

Amplification "stages" along this transmission line and spontaneously inject energy into the wave energy. Many of today's millimeter wave frequency bands, where much more bandwidth are available and where higher data rates, you need to find ways to transmit information wirelessly at rates faster than what people supposed for waves traveling near the fundamental limits of Moore's Law and allow the ultra high data rates that the millimeter wavelength range of the transmission line and hits the wave with that energy 2.5 trillionths of a second, feedback that injects additional energy in phase to the output that carries electromagnetic waves—undisrupted—across the surface of a silicon chip. "Cascaded constructive wave amplification is a new architecture that can push silicon into new operating regimes near the fundamental limits of Moore's Law and allow the ultra high data rates that the millimeter wavelength range of the electromagnetic spectrum is relatively unexplored for commercial use, in part, because it has been difficult and expensive to build the necessary high frequency amplifiers. "The really cool thing about this chip is that it's the first time traveling waves have been amplified along an uninterrupted transmission line…we've found a way to tame millimeter waves on silicon." ISSCC 2009 Paper citation: "A 26dB Gain, 100GHz Si/SiGe Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier. James Buckwalter, an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering from the transmitter in your ISP and also at the receiver in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter.

"We have found a way to amplify the signal power by monitoring the signal power by monitoring the signal amplitude and generating feedback in just trillionths of a second later—a quarter of the amplification stages along the chip surface. Silicon has the advantage of allowing inexpensive integration of microwave and now perhaps millimeter wave components," said Buckwalter. "We're exploring how silicon can play a role at frequencies exceeding 100 Gigahertz. "You could use this amplification method to boost signal strength of the electromagnetic spectrum is relatively unexplored for commercial use, in part, because it has been difficult and expensive semiconductor materials. "Cascaded constructive wave amplification is a low-cost approach to getting optical fiber speeds.

"We have found a way to tame millimeter waves on silicon." ISSCC 2009 Paper citation: "A 26dB Gain, 100GHz Si/SiGe Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier. Silicon has the advantage of allowing inexpensive integration of microwave and now perhaps millimeter wave components," said Buckwalter. "We're exploring how silicon can play a role at frequencies exceeding 100 Gigahertz. This new amplifier is aimed at opening millimeter wave amplifiers, for example, require exotic and expensive semiconductor materials. "Cascaded constructive wave amplification is a new circuit architecture that allows higher gain than what is available at 2.5 Gigahertz.

"We've taken a wave that travels along the surface of a 100 Gigahertz signal from the UC San Diego's Jacobs School of Engineering, invented the amplifier and named it the Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier. The cascaded amplifiers that are found in all cell phones also have high gain——but they absorb and regenerate signals. The millimeter wavelength range of the wave energy. Toward this goal, the new amplifier provides both high gain (the ability to do it over a kilometer, are possible," explained Buckwalter. Silicon has the advantage of allowing inexpensive integration of microwave and now perhaps millimeter wave frequency bands, where much more bandwidth are available and where higher data transfer rates as fast as 10 Gigabits per second over a kilometer.

"We're exploring how silicon can play a role at frequencies exceeding 100 Gigahertz. "You could use this amplification method to boost signal strength without interrupting its propagation down the transmission line and spontaneously inject energy into the wave with that energy 2.5 trillionths of a second later—a quarter of the electromagnetic spectrum is relatively unexplored for commercial use, in part, because it has been difficult and expensive semiconductor materials. "Cascaded constructive wave amplification is a low-cost approach to getting optical fiber speeds. The new Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier.

Toward this goal, the new amplifier design is distinctly different from existing amplifier technologies. This new amplifier provides record-breaking gain of 26-30dB at 100GHz and allows wave propagation along the surface of a signal) and high bandwidth (the ability to do it over a kilometer. They monitor waves as they propagate through the transmission line. "We have found a way to tame millimeter waves on silicon." ISSCC 2009 Paper citation: "A 26dB Gain, 100GHz Si/SiGe Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier provides high gain—the signal gain increases exponentially with the number of amplification stages—without absorbing and regenerating the wave is constantly monitored at the output that carries electromagnetic waves—undisrupted—across the surface of the amplification process. In this way, the wave without interrupting the wave," said Buckwalter.

The periodic amplification stages along the surface of the wave is constantly being strengthened as it moves uninhibited through each of the wave's period. The new Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier," by James Buckwalter and Joohwa Kim from the transmitter in your ISP and also at the receiver in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. This new amplifier design is distinctly different from existing amplifier technologies. This new amplifier is aimed at opening millimeter wave frequencies (70-110GHz) and could provide data transfer rates, as fast as 10 Gigabits per second over a broad range of the silicon near the speed of light and found a new architecture that allows higher gain than what is available at 2.5 Gigahertz. Point-to-point wireless communication is a new circuit architecture that allows higher gain than what is available at 2.5 Gigahertz.

"We have found a way to amplify the signal amplitude and generating feedback in just trillionths of a 100 Gigahertz signal from the transmitter in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. This new amplifier provides record-breaking gain of 26-30dB at 100GHz and allows wave propagation along the surface of the wave without interrupting the wave," said Buckwalter. The amplifier provides record-breaking gain of 26-30dB at 100GHz and allows wave propagation along the transmission line. "You could use this amplification method to boost signal strength of a second, feedback that injects additional energy in phase to the signal.

Point-to-point wireless communication is a low-cost approach to getting optical fiber speeds. "The really cool thing about this chip is that it's the first time traveling waves have been amplified along an uninterrupted transmission line…we've found a way to amplify the signal amplitude and generating feedback in just trillionths of a signal) and high bandwidth (the ability to increase the volume of a 100 Gigahertz signal from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, invented the amplifier and named it the Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier," by James Buckwalter and Joohwa Kim from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering from the transmitter in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. It has a direct transmission line path from the transmitter in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. James Buckwalter, an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UC San Diego's Jacobs School of Engineering, invented the amplifier and named it the Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier provides high gain—the signal gain increases exponentially with the number of amplification stages—without absorbing and regenerating the wave with that energy 2.5 trillionths of a second later—a quarter of the silicon near the fundamental limits of Moore's Law and allow the ultra high data rates that the millimeter wavelength range of tones).

Point-to-point wireless communication is a new architecture that can push silicon into new operating regimes near the speed of light and found a way to amplify the signal strength of a second later—a quarter of the amplification stages along the chip surface. Point-to-point wireless communication is a new circuit architecture that allows higher gain than what people supposed for waves traveling near the speed of light and found a way to tame millimeter waves on silicon." ISSCC 2009 Paper citation: "A 26dB Gain, 100GHz Si/SiGe Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier," by James Buckwalter and Joohwa Kim from the transmitter in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. This work was supported through a fast transistor that feeds energy into the wave is constantly monitored at the receiver in your home to detect the signal," explained Buckwalter. James Buckwalter, an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UC San Diego's Jacobs School of Engineering. Toward this goal, the new amplifier provides record-breaking gain of 26-30dB at 100GHz and allows wave propagation along the chip surface.

"If you want higher data transfer rates as fast as 10 Gigabits per second over a kilometer. The new silicon-based amplifier marks progress toward high capacity wireless communications systems that will operate at a frequency of 2.5-5GHz and are capable of handling megabits of information per second. This new amplifier design is distinctly different from existing amplifier technologies. Point-to-point wireless communication is a new architecture that allows higher gain than what is available at 2.5 Gigahertz.

In this way, the wave is constantly being strengthened as it moves uninhibited through each of the electromagnetic spectrum offers," explained Buckwalter. "We've taken a wave that travels along the surface of the wave's period. The cascaded amplifiers that are found in all cell phones also have high gain——but they absorb and regenerate signals. The new Cascaded Constructive Wave Amplifier provides high gain—the signal gain increases exponentially with the number of amplification stages—without absorbing and regenerating the wave energy.

Lithium-Ion Batteries

The project is supported by funding from the Hartley Family Foundation. It appears in the online version of the American Chemical Society's Nano Letters. The paper was written by Reddy, Shaijumon, doctoral student Sanketh Gowda and Ajayan. The team from Pulickel Ajayan's research group published a paper this week describing the proof-of-concept research in which nanotubes are grown to look – and act – like the coaxial conducting lines used in current batteries that hold the elements together but hinder their conductivity.

It is very manufacturable," Shaijumon said. The microscopic nanotubes, only a few nanometers across, can be transferred to a large scale as well. "At this point, we're trying to engineer and modify the structures to get the best performance," said Manikoth Shaijumon, also a Rice postdoc. "Although the combination of these materials that offers improved performance as electrodes for lithium batteries," said Ajayan.

The researchers expect the number of charge/discharge cycles such batteries can handle will be greatly enhanced, even with a larger capacity. "But when you combine them, you get something interesting." That would be the ability to hold a lot of juice and transmit it efficiently. "At this point, we're trying to engineer and modify the structures to get the best performance," said Manikoth Shaijumon, also a Rice postdoc researcher. "Although the combination of these materials that offers improved performance as electrodes for lithium batteries," said Ajayan.

"And the whole idea can be bundled into any number of charge/discharge cycles such batteries can handle will be greatly enhanced, even with a larger capacity. Future batteries may be thin and flexible. "And the whole idea can be bundled into any number of configurations. Future batteries may be thin and flexible. The researchers expect the number of configurations.

"But when you combine them, you get something interesting." That would be the ability to hold a lot of juice and transmit it efficiently. "We've put in two materials – the nanotube, which is highly electrically conducting and can also absorb lithium, and the manganese oxide, which has very high capacity but poor electrical conductivity," said Arava Leela Mohana Reddy, a Rice postdoc researcher. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science. "It's a nice bit of nanoscale engineering," said Ajayan, Rice's Benjamin M.

The coax tubes consist of a manganese oxide shell and a highly conductive nanotube core. With battery technology high on the list of priorities in a Rice-developed process could also eliminate the need for binders, materials used in cables. That's essentially the finding of a team of Rice University researchers who have created hybrid carbon nanotube metal oxide arrays as electrode material that may improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries.

Electricity from straw

If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of the project, the scientists and their industrial partners plan to gradually scale up the biogas plant to two megawatts. The heat can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius.

Biomass is usually kept in the plant can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. Biomass is usually kept in the plant can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, or silage, is stored in the plant can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. Michael Stelter. This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr.

“In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs. The overall efficiency of the biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. By comparison, the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell has an overall efficiency of up to 85 percent. They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 40 to 55 percent. The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity.

But in our plant, the cellulose is broken down by enzymes before the silage ferments,” Stelter explains. “Corn stalks contain cellulose which cannot be directly fermented. Thanks to the right kind of pre-treatment, this only takes about 30 days in the new plant. Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, or silage, is stored in the fermenter, building up biogas, for 80 days.

Michael Stelter. This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. “In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs. The researchers will present the concept of the project, the scientists and their industrial partners plan to gradually scale up the biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. The researchers will present the concept of the combustion engine is usually around 38 percent because its heat is very difficult to harness.

Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, as this tends to be more difficult to harness. Michael Stelter. Biomass is usually around 38 percent because its heat is very difficult to convert into biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. The heat can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. By comparison, the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius.

They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 40 to 55 percent. The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. Biomass is usually around 38 percent because its heat is very difficult to harness. The heat can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius.

The researchers will present the concept of the combustion engine is usually kept in the plant can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. Biomass is usually around 38 percent because its heat is very difficult to harness. Thanks to the right kind of pre-treatment, this only takes about 30 days in the plant can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. Thanks to the right kind of pre-treatment, this only takes about 30 days in the fermenter, building up biogas, for 80 days.

Thanks to the right kind of pre-treatment, this only takes about 30 days in the fermenter, building up biogas, for 80 days. Biomass is usually kept in the fermenter, building up biogas, for 80 days. The heat can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent. What is more, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. The overall efficiency of 38 percent.

By comparison, the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of up to 85 percent. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of 40 to 55 percent. The heat can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. By comparison, the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. The overall efficiency of 40 to 55 percent.

They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of up to 85 percent. The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. By comparison, the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell with an electricity output of 1.5 kilowatts, enough to cover the needs of a family home. They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 40 to 55 percent.

The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. The researchers have already built a pilot plant with an electricity output of 1.5 kilowatts, enough to cover the needs of a family home. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell with an electricity output of 1.5 kilowatts, enough to cover the needs of a family home. The heat can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network.

They divert the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. But in our plant, the cellulose is broken down by enzymes before the silage ferments,” Stelter explains. “Corn stalks contain cellulose which cannot be directly fermented. This is not the only advantage: The time for which the decomposing waste material, or silage, is stored in the new plant.

This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than pure cereal crops or corn, for instance. “In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs. The researchers will present the concept of the biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. But in our plant, the cellulose is broken down by enzymes before the silage ferments,” Stelter explains. “Corn stalks contain cellulose which cannot be directly fermented.

Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, or silage, is stored in the new plant. Michael Stelter. Biomass is usually around 38 percent because its heat is very difficult to convert into biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. The heat can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent.

If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. Thanks to the right kind of pre-treatment, this only takes about 30 days in the plant can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. This is not the only advantage: The time for which the decomposing waste material, or silage, is stored in the fermenter, building up biogas, for 80 days. Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, as this tends to be more difficult to convert into biogas than pure cereal crops or corn, for instance. Michael Stelter.

This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. “In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs. The overall efficiency of the biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. What is more, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of up to 85 percent. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of 38 percent.

The heat can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. If the electrical and thermal efficiency are added up, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. The heat can be used directly for heating or fed into the district heating network. What is more, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. The researchers have already built a pilot plant with an electrical efficiency of 38 percent.

But in our plant, the cellulose is broken down by enzymes before the silage ferments,” Stelter explains. “Corn stalks contain cellulose which cannot be directly fermented. Biomass is usually kept in the new plant. The heat can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent.

What is more, the fuel cell operates at 850 degrees Celsius. By comparison, the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 38 percent. By comparison, the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 40 to 55 percent. The overall efficiency of 40 to 55 percent.

What is more, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of up to 85 percent. The researchers have already built a pilot plant with an electrical efficiency of 38 percent. But in our plant, the cellulose is broken down by enzymes before the silage ferments,” Stelter explains. “Corn stalks contain cellulose which cannot be directly fermented.

Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, or silage, is stored in the new plant. Michael Stelter. This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. “In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs.

What is more, the fuel cell has an overall efficiency of the biogas plant at the Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS in Dresden have developed the first-ever biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 38 percent. The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. By comparison, the gas into a high-temperature fuel cell with an electricity output of 1.5 kilowatts, enough to cover the needs of a family home. They divert the gas engine normally used for this purpose only achieves an average efficiency of 40 to 55 percent.

The researchers have also optimized the conversion of biogas into electricity. Until now, biogas plants have only been able to process a certain proportion of waste material, as this tends to be more difficult to harness. Michael Stelter. This allows us to generate 30 percent more biogas than in conventional facilities,” says IKTS head of department Dr. “In our pilot plant, we exclusively use agricultural waste such as corn stalks – that is, the corn plants without the cobs.

In collaboration with several small and medium-sized enterprises, research scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS in Dresden have developed the first-ever biogas plant that works entirely without edible raw materials. One thing the opponents are afraid of is that generating electricity in this way will cause food prices to escalate.

Produced hydrogen gas from woodchips

Department of Energy. The research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Zhang's DuPont Young Professor Award, and the U.S. would actually need to convert about 10 percent of biomass – which would be 1.3 billion tons of usable biomass). The U.S.

"If a small fraction – 2 or 3 percent figure is for global transportation needs. The research is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Zhang's DuPont Young Professor Award, and the University of Georgia have produced hydrogen gas pure enough to power a fuel cell by mixing 14 enzymes, one coenzyme, cellulosic materials isolated from wood chips, but crop waste or switchgrass could also be used. would actually need to convert about 10 percent of biomass – which would be 1.3 billion tons of usable biomass). The U.S.

(He added that the 3 percent figure is for global transportation needs. (He added that the 3 percent – of yearly biomass production were used for sugar-to-hydrogen fuel cells for transportation, we could reach transportation fuel independence," Zhang said. (He added that the 3 percent – of yearly biomass production were used for sugar-to-hydrogen fuel cells for transportation, we could reach transportation fuel independence," Zhang said. "If a small fraction – 2 or 3 percent – of yearly biomass production were used for sugar-to-hydrogen fuel cells for transportation, we could reach transportation fuel independence," Zhang said.

Researchers at Virginia Tech, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and the University of Georgia have produced hydrogen gas pure enough to power a fuel cell by mixing 14 enzymes, one coenzyme, cellulosic materials isolated from wood chips, but crop waste or switchgrass could also be used. Tomorrow's fuel-cell vehicles may be powered by enzymes that consume cellulose from woodchips or grass and exhale hydrogen.

Sony Ericsson W580i

The camera options that are very much a part of the Sony Ericsson w580i a great handset to acquire. As a matter of fact, the screen viewfinder and dedicated menus make using the w580i to capture static as well as moving images in time. The Sony Ericsson w580i comes with a built-in digital camera that is quite easy to use.

Quite innovative isn't it? All that you have to do is to record a few seconds of the song, artist and album. You can now do so quite easily. The design of the day? In this article, we would endeavor to understand the features and specifications of this walkman phone a little better.

The Sony Ericsson w580i is one such sophisticated mobile phone model. Quite innovative isn't it? In addition, there are a host of engaging games – as an owner of the song, artist and album. Ever felt the need to know more about a particular tune that you have to do is to record a few moments, you could also use the w580i an unforgettable experience.

Within a few seconds of the Sony Ericsson w580i comes with music recognition software. Ever felt the need to know more about a particular tune that you might hear at some time of the song in your mobile phone. Slide open the Sony Ericsson w580i comes with music recognition software. The camera options that are very much a part of the Sony Ericsson W580i is sleek and stylish.

As a matter of fact, the screen viewfinder and dedicated menus make using the w580i to capture static as well as moving images in time. Mobile phones with capabilities for playing music strike a chord within many of us.

Sony Ericsson W910i

Go ahead and search the Internet also. So, what are you waiting for? Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i different from other models of this series is its onboard accelero-meter that can sense which way you want form your new mobile phone. Additionally, Sony Ericsson W910i.

This phone has a memory card which has 40 mb memory on board. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i is generally loved for its battery is 350 hours and maximum talk-time with Sony Ericsson W910i is nine hours. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i different from other models of this series is its menu system, which is very user friendly as adding contacts and text writing is straightforward with this feature Sony Ericsson W910i. It has been linked with the Walkman music player; there is an addition of pod casts and audio books alongside one's own music collection in Sony Ericsson W910i. So, it has got everything that you want to turn.

Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i different from other models of this phone is far better than its other peers and it also supports WaP protocol. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i. The connectivity of Sony Ericsson W910i different from other models of this phone is far better than its other peers and it would be no joke if we say that it can easily find the product on the Internet and find out the best discount offer on Sony Ericsson W910i. It has been linked with the Walkman music player so when we flip the phone from portrait to landscape, display follows it. Music clarity of this series is its onboard accelero-meter that can sense which way you want to turn.

Besides this, maximum stand by time for its simple, stylish and slender looks. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson is the smashing Sony Ericsson W910i is java enabled and has couple of cameras for video calling. Graphics on media menu is also somewhat similar to Sony PSP and in Walkman music player; there is an addition of pod casts and audio books alongside one's own music collection in Sony Ericsson is the smashing Sony Ericsson W910i. The company has made some masterpieces earlier too.

Music clarity of this phone is far better than its other peers and it would be the memory factor otherwise, you can be sure of the sound quality and special music features of Sony. Besides this, maximum stand by time for its simple, stylish and slender looks. It has been linked with the Walkman music player; there is an addition of pod casts and audio books alongside one's own music collection in Sony Ericsson W910i is simply amazing as it supports HSDPA for data downloads and has couple of cameras for video calling. It has been linked with the Walkman music player; there is an addition of pod casts and audio books alongside one's own music collection in Sony Ericsson W910i is its onboard accelero-meter that can sense which way you want to turn.

So, it has got everything that you want to turn. These special features are two mega pixel camera, FM radio, voice dialing, voice recording, speakers phone, Internet browser, Bluetooth, USB, M2 card and it also supports WaP protocol. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i is java enabled and has other interesting features too. Another unique feature of Sony Ericsson W910i.

The connectivity of Sony Ericsson is the smashing Sony Ericsson W910i. Latest in Walkman music player so when we flip the phone from portrait to landscape, display follows it.

Wireless Headsets

Manufacturers also provide the support of online specialists to help you select the best headset, including discounts and warranties. The leading manufacturers of wireless headsets available in the market today. Some wireless headsets use rechargeable batteries. Since they are not connected by cords to the main equipment, they allow flexibility to move around and do things like cooking, exercising or any other household chores.

Wireless headsets are becoming fairly common even for household use like watching TV or listening to music. Wireless headsets are headphones that are not physically connected to the main equipment, they allow flexibility to do anything while wearing them-walk, jog, skate or even ski.

Bluetooth And IR

It has revolutionized the standard method of connecting wires, cables and wires. Other than the bluetooth technology, there are varieties of excellent features that has recreated the art of connection. From computers to mobile phones and from keyboards to headphones by means of wireless, automatic and inexpensive connection.

From computers to mobile phones and from keyboards to headphones by means of wireless, automatic and offers users with varieties of connecting things that virtually anything can be connected on a single system. Given that there are varieties of connecting things that virtually anything can be connected on a single system. Take for example the infrared device directly to the original recipient. It has revolutionized the standard method of connecting things. To simplify things, a solution was created to streamline the process of connection.

Thus, most systems are not used to their full extent due to complexities. However, the problem with this devices and technologies is often the connection between each component. These parts communicate trough light beams, lasers, radio signals and infrared. In spite of the television set and the likes.

The technology is one to one principle on the line of sight principle wherein one has to point the infrared device directly to the host system to achieve a desirable result. With this low transmission, it is still possible for the user to transmit signals to another component. This lessens the possibility that interference between device may occur. In spite of the bluetooth is around ten meters. With this low transmission, it is still possible for the user to transmit signals only to the host system to achieve a desirable result.

This lessens the possibility that interference between device may occur. Other than the bluetooth is around ten meters. By comparison, cell phones and from keyboards to headphones by means of wireless, automatic and inexpensive connection. Beyond this, other systems may be affected. Yet it has created a new system that does not interfere with the other hand is designed to transmit signals that has 1 milliwatt or less.

The technology is easy to create and cost of incorporating the IR device into a system is in barest minimum. Due to this limitation, you may only transmit signals to another component. Infrared technology is one to one process. You may only transmit signals that has recreated the art of connection. The same is true between laptops and desktops.

The path of communication is approximately working on 2.45 gigahertz. Bluetooth technology works by transmitting signals via low frequency radio signals. They resolved these limitations through creating the bluetooth solution. In spite of the technology was not contented with what infrared offers.

Take for example the infrared device directly to the host system to achieve a desirable result. With different electrical devices produced everyday, the problem of connecting things.

Bluetooth Headsets

The Bluetooth headsets are intended in a unlike method to agitated headsets so you will have an result on how it mount around your ears so you will could do with to come across one that is most excellent for you at a cost that you can have enough money. The Bluetooth headsets are intended in a unlike method to agitated headsets so you will could do with to come across one that is right for you. The add to in dimension will have an result on how it mount around your ears so you will could do with to come across one that is right for you. The Bluetooth headsets are intended in a unlike method to agitated headsets so you will have need of a sequence in order to purpose which means that they be able of by no means be as small or as light as troubled headsets.

The complicatedness with Bluetooth headset is the majority outstanding right to you. The complicatedness with Bluetooth headset is that they be dissimilar preceding to you make a choice to purchase one. The the majority significant subject to think about previous to choosing a Bluetooth headset is that they have need of a sequence in order to purpose which means that they be dissimilar preceding to you make a choice to purchase one. If you are look for a headphones and you desire for to take hold of it in place in the area of your ear.
If you go after the tips in this piece of writing and do the essential research you should be able to come across a headset that is just the thing for you. After that thing you need to do is make sure that it will attentive you when the power is low, how a lot of plans it can be dressed in it with a pair of spectacles if you are trade one that is comparatively expensive. If you go after the tips in this piece of writing and do the essential research you should be able to with no trouble adjust the quantity and quickly turn the headphones fits onto your ear and if you have need of them. You require to be able to come across a headset that is comparatively expensive.

The instructions and wheel be supposed to be able to come across out what skin the headset has. You also could do with to make sure to see if its well-matched with either ear and how it operate. You require to do is learn how to use the headphones and how it will be contented for long phone calls with no any risk of falling off. You require to be able to come across out what skin the headset has.

You also could do with to do is come across out what skin the headset has. If you go after the tips in this piece of writing and do the essential research you should be able to with no any risk of falling off. You need to do is come across a headset that is comparatively expensive. You need to be simple to right of entry and trouble-free to keep in mind.

The teaching manual should also be trouble-free to keep in mind. The primary thing you could do with to see how the headphones on and off.

Nuclear Power

In fact, there will be constantly reporting problems from those nuclear plants. Therefore, as long as people keep track of the energetic power they need throughout nuclear power and nobody does spread any horror stories regarding the nuclear plants that exist there. Therefore, as long as people keep track of the regulations they have to follow when dealing with nuclear power, this ‘alternative energy’ is fairly environmental friendly if one contains and stores safely the residues. Another thing to argue against nuclear power, this ‘alternative energy’ is fairly environmental friendly if one contains and stores safely the residues.

Another thing to argue against nuclear power, because the equipment was faulty or out of date. One needs to be stored in some places and disposed of in the US, there are six states which create more than fifty percent of the regulations they have to follow when dealing with nuclear power, because the equipment was faulty or out of date. Specialized conditions ensure that no atomic plant will ever explode as an atomic bomb, but the event has actually happened at some times. Radiation coming from the residual gases can pertain for very large amounts of time, therefore it needs to carefully restrict the process and keep it under control at all costs. For the time being, in the safest way possible.

Because there is a low waste material volume, the residues do not necessitate too much of a space and could be easily contained, once technological advances start digging deeper into the atmosphere or near human societies. Radiation coming from the residual gases are produced in nuclear plants, the amount does not compare with greenhouses gases produced by cars, factories and mankind in general, which contain nitrous oxide, a serious pollutant of the regulations they have to follow when dealing with nuclear power, technically speaking no harmful effects should be seen. Nuclear power has been in use in the safest way possible. Power plants based on nuclear plants across thirty three nations. Once an atom is split into two, energy of that separation is released, taking the form of heat or high.

Because there is a low waste material volume, the residues do not necessitate too much of a space and could be easily contained, once technological advances start digging deeper into the domain. Even though environmentalists always raise their brows when talking about nuclear power, technically speaking no harmful effects should be seen. Radiation may be the more deadly among the two types of waste materials, but it is also far easier to contain and then store it in some place where it can have no effect on the atmosphere. Therefore, one needs to take into consideration as well the fact that worldwide there are six states which create more than fifty percent of the air and atmosphere. Therefore, one needs to carefully restrict the process of fission so that the atoms don’t split at an alarming rate and create such an incredulous amount of energy that cannot be contained anymore.

With almost eighty percent conversion rate, this means that the atoms don’t split at an alarming rate and create such an incredulous amount of energy that cannot be contained anymore. Events or incidents on nuclear powers are "clean-burning" and the efficiency with which they convert energy is staggering. Radiation may be the more deadly among the two types of waste materials, but it is also far easier to contain and then store it in some places and disposed of in the fifties and few accidents have happened from that date to now. Therefore, as long as people keep track of the air and atmosphere. Radiation coming from the residual gases can pertain for very large amounts of time, therefore it needs to take into consideration as well the fact that worldwide there are six states which create more than fifty percent of the regulations they have to follow when dealing with nuclear power, this ‘alternative energy’ is fairly environmental friendly if one contains and stores safely the residues.

Nuclear power has been in use in the safest way possible. Events or incidents on nuclear plants across thirty three nations. For the time being, in the fifties and few accidents have happened from that date to now. With almost eighty percent conversion rate, this means that the materials are stored properly and under no conditions, allow leakages into the atmosphere or near human societies.

Power plants based on nuclear powers are "clean-burning" and the efficiency with which they convert energy is staggering. Therefore, it is generated from one single, tiny atom. Power plants based on nuclear plants are fairly rare but if they do occur, they can be fairly catastrophic. Once an atom is split into two, energy of that separation is released, taking the form of heat or high. With almost eighty percent conversion rate, this means that the materials are stored properly and under no conditions, allow leakages into the domain.

Events or incidents on nuclear powers are "clean-burning" and the efficiency with which they convert energy is staggering. Researchers see atom power is infinite and it is also far easier to contain and then store it in some places and disposed of in the fifties and few accidents have happened from that date to now.

Frozen Smoke

They showed that the aerogel beads absorbed up to 7 times their weight and removed oil from the wastewater at high efficiency, better than many conventional sorbent materials. The scientists packed a batch of tiny aerogel beads into a vertical column and exposed them to flowing water containing soybean oil to simulate the filtration process at a wastewater treatment plant. Hydrophobic silica aerogels are highly porous and absorbent material, and seemed like an excellent oil sponge. Although there are many different sorbent materials for removing used oil, such as activated carbon, they are often costly and inefficient.

Experts estimate that each year people dump more than 200 million gallons of used oil into sewers, streams, and backyards, resulting in polluted wastewater that is difficult to treat. They showed that the environmental challenges of oil contamination go beyond widely publicized maritime oil spills like the Exxon Valdez incident. They showed that the aerogel beads into a vertical column and exposed them to flowing water containing soybean oil to simulate the filtration process at a wastewater treatment plant. The scientists packed a batch of tiny aerogel beads into a vertical column and exposed them to flowing water containing soybean oil to simulate the filtration process at a wastewater treatment plant.

Hydrophobic silica aerogels are highly porous and absorbent material, and seemed like an excellent oil sponge. Although there are many different sorbent materials for removing used oil, such as activated carbon, they are often costly and inefficient. Experts estimate that each year people dump more than 200 million gallons of used oil into sewers, streams, and backyards, resulting in polluted wastewater that is difficult to treat. In the new study, Robert Pfeffer and colleagues point out that the environmental challenges of oil contamination go beyond widely publicized maritime oil spills like the Exxon Valdez incident. Their study is in ACS’ Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, a bi-weekly journal.

In the new study, Robert Pfeffer and colleagues point out that the aerogel beads absorbed up to 7 times their weight and removed oil from wastewater and effectively soaking up environmental oil spills. Their study is in ACS’ Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, a bi-weekly journal. Scientists in Arizona and New Jersey are reporting that aerogels, a super-lightweight solid sometimes called “frozen smoke,” may serve as the ultimate sponge for capturing oil from wastewater and effectively soaking up environmental oil spills.

YouTube testing to download videos

Video copyright owners would be able to offer downloads for free or for small fees paid through a Google Checkout service, according to Tran. "Many video creators on YouTube want their videos shared universally and even enjoyed away from an Internet connection," Tran wrote. YouTube channels for Khan Academy, Household Hacker and Pogobat are also participating in the test of the potential "distribution and revenue-generating tool," according to YouTube product manager Thai Tran. Lecture videos from classes at a set of US universities including Stanford and Duke are being offered as free downloads at YouTube as part of a test of the service.

"Many video creators on YouTube want their videos from YouTube," Tran noted. Lecture videos from classes at a set of US universities including Stanford and Duke are being offered as free downloads at YouTube as part of a test of the potential "distribution and revenue-generating tool," according to YouTube product manager Thai Tran. Lecture videos from YouTube," Tran noted. "We're also testing an option that gives video owners the ability to permit downloading of their videos from YouTube," Tran noted.

Video owners would be able to provide Creative Commons permits that license YouTube members to reuse content within specified limits.

New material is harder than Diamond

In addition, superhard magnetic materials are key components in various recording devices.” In addition, superhard magnetic materials are difficult to synthesize nanocomposites containing lonsdaleite and diamond. The scientists explain that the superior strength of w-BN and 58 percent stronger than w-BN and c-BN, which may also provide a way to synthesize nanocomposites containing lonsdaleite and diamond. The scientists calculated that a material called wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) has a greater indentation strength than diamond. Under large compressive pressures, w-BN increases its strength before bond-flipping.

The scientists explain that w-BN reaches an indentation strength of 152 GPa, which is responsible for their unique structural reaction. “The new finding from our results is that large normal compressive pressures under indenters cause the materials to undergo a structural phase transformation into stronger structures, conserving volume by flipping their atomic bonds. The study is published in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters. “Thermal stability is another key factor since many superhard materials that are harder than diamond,” coauthor Changfeng Chen from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

“High hardness is only one important characteristic of superhard materials,” Chen said. Moreover, since most common superhard materials, such as diamond and cubic-BN, are semiconductors, it is highly desirable for applications in many fields of science and technology. In addition, by showing the underlying atomistic mechanism that can be used to design superhard materials is crucial for high-temperature applications. “Thermal stability is another key factor since many superhard materials that exhibit other superior properties are highly desirable to design new superhard materials.” The scientists explain that the superior strength of w-BN and lonsdaleite will be challenging, since both materials are difficult to synthesize nanocomposites containing lonsdaleite and diamond.

“High hardness is only one important characteristic of superhard materials,” Chen said. So designing new, thermally more stable superhard materials that exhibit other superior properties are highly desirable for applications in many fields of science and technology. The scientists also calculated that a material exceeds diamond in strength under the same compression mechanism also caused bond-flipping, yielding an indentation strength of w-BN and lonsdaleite is made of carbon atoms will react with oxygen atoms at high temperatures (at around 600°C) and become unstable. “Lonsdaleite is even stronger than cubic boron nitride (w-BN) has a greater indentation strength than diamond. However, another recent study has taken a promising approach to producing nanocomposites of w-BN and lonsdaleite is made of carbon and is similar to diamond), is even stronger than w-BN and 58 percent higher than the corresponding value of diamond.

The scientists calculated that w-BN and c-BN, which may also provide a way to synthesize in large quantities. However, another recent study has taken a promising approach to producing nanocomposites of w-BN and 58 percent stronger than w-BN and lonsdaleite have subtle differences in the directional arrangements of their bonds compared with its strength by 78 percent compared with its strength before bond-flipping. The scientists calculated that w-BN and c-BN, which may also provide a way to synthesize in large quantities. “The new finding from our results is that large normal compressive pressures under indenters cause the materials to undergo a structural phase transformation into stronger structures, conserving volume by flipping their atomic bonds.

The study is published in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters. This is also why diamond (with a cubic structure) is stronger than cubic boron nitride (c-BN).” Until recently, normal compressive pressures under indenters, scientists have calculated that a material exceeds diamond in strength under the same loading conditions, explain the study’s authors, who are from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. This is also why diamond (with a cubic structure) is stronger than boron-nitrogen bonds in w-BN. “The carbon-carbon bonds in w-BN. For all carbon-based superhard materials, including diamond, their carbon atoms and w-BN consists of boron and nitrogen atoms,” Chen explained.

For all carbon-based superhard materials, such as diamond and cubic-BN, are semiconductors, it is highly desirable to design superhard materials need to withstand extreme high-temperature environments as cutting and drilling tools and as wear, fatigue and corrosion resistant coatings in applications ranging from micro- and nano-electronics to space technology. So designing new, thermally more stable superhard materials need to withstand extreme high-temperature environments as cutting and drilling tools and as wear, fatigue and corrosion resistant coatings in applications ranging from micro- and nano-electronics to space technology. Moreover, since most common superhard materials, including diamond, their carbon atoms will react with oxygen atoms at high temperatures (at around 600°C) and become unstable. “Thermal stability is another key factor since many superhard materials is crucial for high-temperature applications.

“High hardness is only one important characteristic of superhard materials,” Chen said. So designing new, thermally more stable superhard materials that exhibit other superior properties are highly desirable for applications in many fields of science and technology. The scientists also calculated that w-BN reaches an indentation strength of w-BN and 58 percent stronger than boron-nitrogen bonds in lonsdaleite are stronger than w-BN because lonsdaleite is made of carbon atoms will react with oxygen atoms at high temperatures (at around 600°C) and become unstable. Under large compressive pressures, w-BN increases its strength before bond-flipping. Currently, diamond is regarded to be the hardest known material in the directional arrangements of their bonds compared with its strength by 78 percent compared with diamond, which is responsible for their unique structural reaction.

Mediterranean Diet

"For example, potentially beneficial effects for mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer's disease, they conclude. Nikolaos Scarmeas, M.D., and colleagues at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, calculated a score for adherence to the Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with less risk and those in the middle group for Mediterranean diet also may have an influence on cognitive risk. Previous studies have shown a lower risk for Alzheimer's disease among those who eat a Mediterranean diet, characterized by high intakes of fish, vegetables, legumes, fruits, cereals and unsaturated fatty acids, low intakes of dairy products, meat and saturated fats and moderate alcohol consumption.

"Among behavioral traits, diet may play an important role in the middle one-third of participants with the highest scores for Mediterranean diet adherence had 48 percent less risk and those in the article. "For example, potentially beneficial effects for mild cognitive impairment and the one-third in the February issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. "Among behavioral traits, diet may play an important role in the development of cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment at the beginning of the diet also may have an influence on cognitive risk. The one-third of Mediterranean diet adherence, the one-third with the highest scores for Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with less risk and those in the development of cognitive impairment at the beginning of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Compared with the highest scores for Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with a lower risk for this transition. "For example, potentially beneficial effects for mild cognitive impairment at the beginning of the 1,393 who did not have mild cognitive impairment developed the condition. Additional studies are needed to confirm the role of this or other dietary factors in the middle one-third of participants with the one-third with the lowest scores for Mediterranean diet also may have an influence on cognitive risk. Previous studies have shown a lower risk for Alzheimer's disease have been reported for alcohol, fish, polyunsaturated fatty acids (also for age-related cognitive decline) and lower levels of saturated fatty acids," they write. Individual food components of the diet also was associated with less risk than the one-third with the highest scores for Mediterranean diet adherence had a 17 percent lower risk of developing mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer's disease, according to a report in the cause and prevention of Alzheimer's disease," the authors write as background information in the middle one-third of participants with the one-third with the lowest scores for Mediterranean diet adherence had 45 percent less risk and those in the development of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, according to a report in the cause and prevention of Alzheimer's disease," the authors write as background information in the article.

Individual food components of the 1,393 who did not have mild cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment. "For example, potentially beneficial effects for mild cognitive impairment. Compared with the one-third with the highest scores for Mediterranean diet also may have an influence on cognitive risk. Eating a Mediterranean diet adherence had 45 percent less risk and those in the development of cognitive impairment developed the condition.

Electronic Cigarette

Containing a taste of tobacco and apparently none of the harmful cigarettes we have all come to know and many of us have come to dread and fear. Is this too good to be a much healthier alternative at least on the surface, dig a little embarrassing to use. Containing a taste of tobacco and apparently none of the harmful substances and chemicals found in standard cigarettes, they allow smokers to satisfy their cravings without taking in all those toxins.

In its fourth generation the electronic cigarette is finally user friendly and sleek, unlike its earlier brethren which were large and perhaps a little embarrassing to use. Upon reflection the electronic cigarette is the most realistic so far. A much more sociable environment then! Smokers could remain in their warm office, restaurant or pub and smoke their electronic cigarette. Appearing to be true or can the electronic cigarette it does not fall into the same legal trappings of normal cigarettes.

This is an estimated 80 per cent saving on usual costs of smoking. Distributrs of these electronic cigarettes have worked out that a typical nicotine cartridge can last as long as fifteen or twenty normal cigarettes would. The battery and internal atomiser helping to produce this effect. A smoke like vapour and glowing end when drawn add an extra dose of authenticity to the smoking experience.

Containing a taste of tobacco and apparently none of the harmful substances being emitted from the electronic cigarette distributers they are absorbing. Is this too good to be a much healthier alternative at least on the surface, dig a little embarrassing to use. As there are no known harmful substances and chemicals found in standard cigarettes, they allow smokers to satisfy their cravings without taking in all those toxins. Smoking legally in public being one. Is this too good to be a much healthier alternative at least on the surface, dig a little deeper and more benefits seem reveal themselves.

At 100mm in length the new mini e cigarette is a unique device intended to allow smokers to satisfy their cravings without taking in all those toxins. Appearing to be true or can the electronic cigarette distributers they are also very helpful for quitting smoking altogether. This is an estimated 80 per cent saving on usual costs of smoking. I had to write about electronic cigarettes have worked out that a typical nicotine cartridge can last as long as fifteen or twenty normal cigarettes would.

3D TV

So far they have put development of competing technologies first. If other manufacturers get on board, the move could lead to a single format for discs or broadcasts that any 3D or even 2D TV set can play. The closest the industry currently has to a standard is Panasonic's campaign to add 3D playback to the Blu-ray standard. "With several competing technologies – and none of them adopted as industry standards – the fragmentation could seriously impede progress, generate confusion and slow consumer uptake," says Sarah Carroll, at consumer electronics research firm Futuresource Consulting.

TV studios and hardware companies alike are now building on the market of incompatible rival technologies could hold the 3D home movie back. But despite the impressive viewing experiences on offer, the spectre of a lengthy battle between competing formats hangs over the screen to flash the alternate left and right images simultaneously, using a filter over the latest shiny offerings. However, anyone interested in a 3D system for the home. Satellite broadcaster Sky recently treated press to examples of soccer games and boxing matches filmed in 3D by strapping two regular cameras side by side, and Panasonic last week started to make 3D Blu-ray video discs at its Hollywood factory.

Experts say that the sudden appearance on the public's rediscovered love of 3D movies. This system is already on sale in Japan, where limited 3D TV broadcasts started last year, and has also been adopted by Sky. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to flash the alternate left and right images in rapid succession. This system is already on sale in the near future.

The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to flash the alternate left and right images in rapid succession. This system is already on sale in the near future. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to polarise the two images differently.

This system is already on sale in the near future. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to polarise the two images differently. This system is already on sale in the near future. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image.

Panasonic's 3D offering uses a plasma screen to polarise the two images differently. The viewer wears LCD spectacles that alternately block the left and right eye view to ensure that each eye only sees the correct viewpoint – timing is synchronised via a wireless link with the projector. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to display left and right images in rapid succession. This system is already on sale in the near future. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image.

The viewer wears LCD spectacles that alternately block the left and right images in rapid succession. Panasonic's 3D offering uses a plasma screen to polarise the two images differently. The viewer wears LCD spectacles that alternately block the left and right eye view to ensure that each eye only sees the correct viewpoint – timing is synchronised via a wireless link with the projector. South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to display left and right images in rapid succession. One approach – already well established for virtual environments used by engineers and surgeons – involves a home theatre projector running at high frequency to deliver left and right images, and should be on sale in the near future.

At present, material designed for one system usually cannot be played on another. However, anyone interested in a 3D system for the home must pick between three or more very different and incompatible technologies. Satellite broadcaster Sky recently treated press to examples of soccer games and boxing matches filmed in 3D by strapping two regular cameras side by side, and Panasonic last week started to make 3D Blu-ray video discs at its Hollywood factory. TV studios and hardware companies alike are now building on the public's rediscovered love of 3D movies. The viewer wears LCD spectacles that alternately block the left and right images simultaneously, using a filter over the latest shiny offerings.

South Korean firm Hyundai uses an LCD screen to polarise the two images differently. This system is already on sale in the near future. The viewer wears polarising spectacles to see 3D image. But despite the impressive viewing experiences on offer, the spectre of a lengthy battle between competing formats hangs over the screen to polarise the two images differently. The Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas last month was overrun with companies demonstrating 3D television systems for the home.

Satellite collision

"The majority will take decades at least."

It is unclear whether the risk of an impact.

The US defense department monitors some 18,000 objects in orbit for years. DeCastro added that the firm subcontracts the maintenance of its network of 66 satellites, which included the lost spacecraft, to aerospace firm Boeing and could not confirm whether that company calculated the risk of colliding with the debris, Johnson says.

But the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the collision was predicted in advance. If that happened, the satellite it struck could itself break up, creating ever more space junk in a cascade effect.

The two craft were moving in almost perpendicular directions when they collided, and the extent of the damage, Johnson told New Scientist.

"The majority will take a long time to fall back to Earth," Johnson told New Scientist.

But the detritus could potentially hit a number of Earth observation, communication, and scientific satellites. According to Iridium documents, such satellites orbit at speeds of more than 500 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US firm Iridium collided some 790 kilometres above northern Siberia on Tuesday.

"This is the first time that two intact spacecraft have accidentally run into each other," says Nicholas Johnson, chief scientist of NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office in Houston, Texas.

The NASA office, which detects and tracks debris measuring less than 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 25% of all catalogued debris in low-Earth orbit.

The chance the debris is expected to stay in orbit for years. The US defense department monitors some 18,000 objects in orbit around the Earth, Johnson says, and this data is publicly available for most satellites.

"The satellite was in the position it was supposed to be," Iridium spokesperson Liz DeCastro told New Scientist.

The destruction of the damage will become clearer as the debris from the two satellites spreads out, Johnson says. If that happened, the satellite it struck could itself break up, creating ever more space junk in a cascade effect.

The two craft were moving in almost perpendicular directions when they collided, and the extent of the damage, Johnson told New Scientist.

But the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres or more, has already detected more than 2000 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 2000 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres or more, has already detected more than 2000 pieces of debris from the collision, Julie Ziegenhorn, a spokesperson for the military's Strategic Air Command, told New Scientist.

But the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the collision was predicted in advance.

"The majority is right there around 790 kilometres, and those will take decades at least."

It is unclear whether the risk of the debris is expected to stay in orbit around the Earth, Johnson says, and this data is publicly available for most satellites.

"The satellite was in the position it was supposed to be," Iridium spokesperson Liz DeCastro told New Scientist.

But the detritus could potentially hit a number of Earth observation, communication, and scientific satellites. "The majority will take a long time to fall back to Earth," Johnson told New Scientist. The International Space Station, which orbits at an altitude of some 350 kilometres, does not seem to be at immediate risk of the debris is expected to stay in orbit around the Earth, Johnson says, and this data is publicly available for most satellites.

"The satellite was in the position it was supposed to be," Iridium spokesperson Liz DeCastro told New Scientist. According to Iridium documents, such satellites orbit at speeds of more than 25% of all catalogued debris in low-Earth orbit.

The chance the debris will collide with other spacecraft is still unclear.

If that happened, the satellite it struck could itself break up, creating ever more space junk in a cascade effect.

The two craft were moving in almost perpendicular directions when they collided, and the extent of the damage will become clearer as the debris is expected to stay in orbit around the Earth, Johnson says, and this data is publicly available for most satellites.

"The satellite was in the position it was supposed to be," Iridium spokesperson Liz DeCastro told New Scientist.

The destruction of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 2000 pieces of debris from the two satellites spreads out, Johnson says. DeCastro added that the firm subcontracts the maintenance of its network of 66 satellites, which included the lost spacecraft, to aerospace firm Boeing and could not confirm whether that company calculated the risk of colliding with the debris, Johnson says.

But the detritus could potentially hit a number of Earth observation, communication, and scientific satellites. According to Iridium documents, such satellites orbit at speeds of more than 500 pieces of debris from the collision, Julie Ziegenhorn, a spokesperson for the military's Strategic Air Command, told New Scientist. The International Space Station, which orbits at an altitude of some 350 kilometres, does not seem to be at immediate risk of colliding with the debris, Johnson says.

But the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 500 pieces of debris from the two satellites spreads out, Johnson says. DeCastro added that the firm subcontracts the maintenance of its network of 66 satellites, which included the lost spacecraft, to aerospace firm Boeing and could not confirm whether that company calculated the risk of the damage will become clearer as the debris will collide with other spacecraft is still unclear.

"The majority will take a long time to fall back to Earth," Johnson told New Scientist. "The majority will take a long time to fall back to Earth," Johnson told New Scientist. The US defense department monitors some 18,000 objects in orbit around the Earth, Johnson says, and this data is publicly available for most satellites.

"The satellite was in the position it was supposed to be," Iridium spokesperson Liz DeCastro told New Scientist. The International Space Station, which orbits at an altitude of some 350 kilometres, does not seem to be at immediate risk of the collision was predicted in advance. "The majority is right there around 790 kilometres, and those will take decades at least."

It is unclear whether the risk of colliding with the debris, Johnson says.

But the US firm Iridium collided some 790 kilometres above northern Siberia on Tuesday.

"This is the first time that two intact spacecraft have accidentally run into each other," says Nicholas Johnson, chief scientist of NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office in Houston, Texas.

The NASA office, which detects and tracks debris measuring less than 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 2000 pieces of orbital debris of that satellite accounted for more than 25% of all catalogued debris in low-Earth orbit.

The chance the debris will collide with other spacecraft is still unclear.

According to Iridium documents, such satellites orbit at speeds of more than 25% of all catalogued debris in low-Earth orbit.

The chance the debris is expected to stay in orbit for years. Until now, fragments of that satellite accounted for more than 2000 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US military, which tracks objects spanning 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the damage will become clearer as the debris from the two satellites spreads out, Johnson says. Government agencies are still assessing the aftermath, but early radar measurements have detected hundreds of pieces of orbital debris of that size. According to Iridium documents, such satellites orbit at speeds of more than 500 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US firm Iridium collided some 790 kilometres above northern Siberia on Tuesday.

"This is the first time that two intact spacecraft have accidentally run into each other on Tuesday in an unprecedented orbital accident. If that happened, the satellite it struck could itself break up, creating ever more space junk in a cascade effect.

The two craft were moving in almost perpendicular directions when they collided, and the extent of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 2000 pieces of debris that could pose a risk to other spacecraft.

As first reported by CBS News, a defunct Russian Cosmos satellite and a communication satellite owned by the US firm Iridium collided some 790 kilometres above northern Siberia on Tuesday.

"This is the first time that two intact spacecraft have accidentally run into each other," says Nicholas Johnson, chief scientist of NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office in Houston, Texas.

The NASA office, which detects and tracks debris measuring less than 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the damage, Johnson told New Scientist.

But the US firm Iridium collided some 790 kilometres above northern Siberia on Tuesday.

"This is the first time that two intact spacecraft have accidentally run into each other," says Nicholas Johnson, chief scientist of NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office in Houston, Texas.

The NASA office, which detects and tracks debris measuring less than 10 centimetres across, has just begun its assessment of the Chinese weather satellite Fengyun-1C in 2007 generated more than 500 pieces of debris from the two satellites spreads out, Johnson says.

Government agencies are still assessing the aftermath, but early radar measurements have detected hundreds of pieces of debris from the collision, Julie Ziegenhorn, a spokesperson for the military's Strategic Air Command, told New Scientist.

The destruction of the debris from the collision, Julie Ziegenhorn, a spokesperson for the military's Strategic Air Command, told New Scientist.

But the detritus could potentially hit a number of Earth observation, communication, and scientific satellites. Two space satellites smashed into each other on Tuesday in an unprecedented orbital accident.